Strange Biology (Posts tagged human remains)

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Mark Holmgren tenía 17 años cuando tomó prestada la moto de su hermano. Fue una decisión que cambiaría su vida para siempre. “Conducía demasiado rápido, doblé la esquina y me estrellé. Me rompí los nervios en el hombro. Fue una lesión del plexo braquial y desde ese día nunca más pude usarlo. No podía moverlo, no podía sentirlo”. Holmgren, ahora de 37 años, cargó con su brazo disfuncional durante casi dos décadas antes de decidir que era hora de hacer algo al respecto este año. "Al principio fue: voy a esperar, podrán arreglarlo, están pensando en cosas nuevas, me darán un brazo robótico, cosas así y he estado esperando demasiado". él recordó. “Simplemente decidí quitarlo. Seguir adelante, supongo. Se puso en contacto con los médicos del hospital de la Universidad de Alberta, quienes accedieron a amputarle el brazo derecho en abril. Sin embargo, Holmgren no quería irse con su brazo para siempre, quería que lo conservaran. “Primero me enviaron un papel, lo firmé, se lo devolví (al médico). Lo llevó a la sala de cirugía conmigo y me mostró a todos los médicos allí y todos dijeron: 'Sí, lo sabemos'". Alrededor de un mes después de la cirugía, Holmgren recibió una llamada del laboratorio diciendo que su brazo estaba listo para ser recogido. “Lo saqué del hospital en una bolsa de basura”, dijo Holmgren. "De hecho, lo guardé en mi congelador durante aproximadamente un mes". Admite que ir de compras y pedir a los negocios de taxidermia que limpiaran un brazo humano fue un desafío. “Un par de ellos me dijeron que no, como de inmediato. No había forma de que fueran a tocar partes del cuerpo humano”. Pero después de algunas semanas de búsqueda, Legends Taxidermy en Drayton Valley accedió a hacer el trabajo. “Fui y lo dejé, y lo recuperé justo antes de Navidad”. Holmgren incluso llevó su brazo esquelético a la cena de Navidad con su familia. “Algunos de ellos querían tocarlo, algunos de ellos no quieren tocarlo. Son solo sentimientos encontrados cuando la gente lo ve”. El edmontoniano planea mostrar su extremidad a más amigos y familiares antes de retirarla. “Probablemente lo mantendré detrás del fregadero en la cocina. Estoy feliz de haberlo hecho. Simplemente no es para todos”. Advertencia: estas imágenes muestran huesos y carne humanos en diferentes etapas a lo largo del proceso de limpieza de huesos. Mark Holmgren dijo que era "sorprendente" poder ver el funcionamiento interno de su brazo. (CRÉDITO: Taxidermia de leyendas y limpieza de calaveras)

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strangebiology

Cool! Here’s my article on someone who took her amputated leg home, and why you could do the same if you have an amputation or removal!

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Human composting will be legal in California in 2027.

It’s already legal in a few other states. Similar to cremation, there isn’t much regulation with what you can do with the composted earth afterwards, so, yes you can use it to pot a plant, spread in the ocean, make art, you know, basically anything that was already legal with dirt.

human remains human composting human remains law human remains ethics

He had buckets of human flesh and organs, 3 complete human skeletons, and 15-20 human skulls according to the report.

I happen to be in Harrisburg (across the river from Enola) so this came up on my feed. To be clear: buying and selling human remains isn’t strictly illegal in PA (unless it’s for transplant or Native American.)

The charges are basically buying and selling stolen property, and abuse of a corpse. Sure, you could argue that buying and selling any human body part is abuse of a corpse because that law is weirdly vague. But people do it all the time. All the time.

I wrote about the marketplace for human body parts for Nat Geo years ago, here. I know there are several people selling human body parts out of Pennsylvania, it seems to be kind of home to a lot of the oddities community. Interestingly, I interviewed a skull seller named Zane for that Nat Geo article and he was selling human skulls out of Virginia (took his skulls up to the Nat Geo office in DC to get them photographed.) Then cops seized a skeleton from an oddities collector in VA at Rest In Pieces, making some weird claim (although they seemed to have no problem with the University that sold it a day or so before.) So, the human remains community started saying, “is it actually illegal here? Or are they going to start enforcing a law that may or may not explicitly exist? Are we at risk?”

After hearing this, Zane started saying his skulls “ship out of PA.” Sure, I mean, they are expensive, it might be financially worth it to drive across state lines to ship. So allegedly, PA was a real hot market for human skulls for a while! Now the site says they’re in Florida.

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Addressing misleading headlines, dead people, and TikTok

My brand!

Here’s the series of articles that I believe originally uncovered this case, and has tons of crazy info in it: https://www.reuters.com/investigates/section/usa-bodies/

In which the journalists buy human heads for $200 each. And no, they didn’t have to pose as medical professionals.

Edit: @janeandthehivequeen says the podcast Criminal also has a good episode on this case. In case you just want to learn about the Sunset Mesa funeral home and not read a big long (but excellent) series about the body trade.

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A WWII veteran died of Covid and donated his body “to science.” Because “to science” is a pretty unregulated term, he ended up in the hands of an oddities company, which offered a live autopsy ticketed event. The tickets to watch were $250-$500. They left the toe tag on, and a reporter from King5 News use that to identify and find the wife of the deceased. She had absolutely no idea his body would be used like this and neither she nor her husband had consented. 

Consent has always been an issue with human remains. There is almost no situation in which someone has formally consented to being an oddity. Plenty of people WOULD be ok with being dissected publicly or being sold as a decoration (especially if their family got some of that sweet cash) but there is no option to formally have that choice when you die. It’s just “donate to someone who doesn’t really tell you what they’re going to do with it, burn or bury.” So human remains buyers use the people who have been “donated to science.” They’re very happy for the “ethical standard” to anonymize human remains “for your protection and privacy” because it usually means no one can cross-reference what happens to a body with what they had agreed to when they were alive. 

No one would have known if it weren’t for the toe tag. 

Human Remains Oddities Human Remains Law Human Remains Ethics Death Science Death Autopsy

Oh hey I was looking at recent coverage of the latest Bone Discourse and I found that this Hudson Valley Post references a post on this blog! Happy to see that even if my content doesn’t get very many notes, research online persists. 

Anyway, this article references when @bone-lust and I were trying to figure out if selling human bones was legal in NY state. There was a myth that I suspect originated from someone in NY getting in trouble for selling Native American bones, which is illegal under NAGPRA. However people started saying it was illegal to sell any human remains in NY. Here’s my post about how we never came across any such law, despite much research, and there are also a whole bunch of New Yorkers selling human bones. Here’s one of the articles on the recent drama involving JonsBones.

For more info and writing about this, check my human remains tag

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hurtanminttu asked:

Oh hey, have you seen this situation with this tiktok bone seller person? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jAIy4pUzK7A

Yes! I also have a (kinda popular, animal-focused) bone account on TikTok called RollBones, and I write a lot about human remains. (My Nat Geo article)

The video you linked seems well-researched and it gives a deep look into what’s going on! There also are some just-your-opinion moments and factual mistakes (ie no, you cannot sell your own body, only other peoples’)

For those of you who want to watch the original video that is causing the new controversy, it’s here.

TLDR: Someone has been buying/selling a very large collection of human bones, and people are commenting on the fact that he said they’re legal.

My thoughts:

1. Jon has been trading human bones doing this for years, very publicly, and shows his collection in a lot of videos. Nothing new has happened except people reacting.

2. The last round of human bone discourse was pretty insufferable. Conversations literally went like this:

“Owning human bones is legal in most US states.”

“NO IT’S NOT! Trust me, my baseless assumptions are more important than facts! How dare you correct me, my ego is so fragile that learning new information is an assault on my pride! A bone haver got in legal trouble and I never read the article as to what the charge was, so I’ll assume it was for having bones. Now I shall move the goalpost: Saying that it’s legal is the same thing as defending the practice on ethical grounds! Also my personal ick factor should be the defining factor of whether having bones is disrespectful or not!”

3. But this round of discourse seems much better?? Is the internet growing up? Because this time people are not trying to correct someone who has been working in this field for years and knows the laws way better than you. This time people are arguing on ethical and contextual grounds using facts and expert opinion and history. For instance, the fact that no human has consented to allow the med facility to sell/give away the bones once they’re done. Or the historical exploitation of the poor (Read: Inside India’s Underground Trade in Human Remains.) Or the fact that modern body brokers have basically no regulation and yes, you could donate your body today and have it on a tattoo shop shelf in a few months. (Read: The Body Trade: Cashing in on The Donated Dead.) Or the Indonesian Dayak skulls that are still carved and imported *specifically* for westerners to buy.

Also because there is no regulatory agency requiring paperwork, it’s difficult to prove provenance of human remains. They’re probably not murder victims but you could encounter something grave-robbed occasionally. There are still a lot of wrong or overly-opinionated arguments out there (“he’s so white” naw he’s Asian) but like, I’m still proud of people doing a lot better this time.

4. I am not saying the human bone trade is good or bad or right or wrong. I am only saying that there are good ways to criticize the bone trade (with real facts!) and bad ways (being angry that people know about it.) You can also defend the trade using logic: where else would the human bones go? Incinerator? Locked in a closet? How is that better? Is there no value in being loved and helping people learn osteology, including medical professionals and the general public? The people who provided the skeletons didn’t consent to getting destroyed or any of our cultural norms like burial either.

I should note that most, but not all, professional opinions I’ve seen on the matter are against the public human bones market. However, there is little benefit to publicly sharing your opinion if it goes against the majority, so I wonder what kind of publicity bias is there.

5. I often wonder if the human bone trade remains unregulated because of those who insist that everyone must assume they’re illegal. Lawmakers don’t want to waste their time looking into a trade that’s “”“already illegal”“” right?

Anyway, if you hate the human bone trade, please say a big “thank you” to people who are talking about it, so you can do something about it. Just remember that this is not new. There are many human bone traders out there. Part of the reason you’re seeing Jon is because his collection is quite significant! And another part is the fact that he’s open and transparent about having them. Some others are just more secretive.

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strangebiology:
“teddybruisevelt:
“strangebiology:
“  “Tumblr witch” taken into custody over Collecting Human Bones
Outrage erupted on Tumblr after a user posted on a Facebook group that they had collected some human remains, and that they could ship...
strangebiology

“Tumblr witch” taken into custody over Collecting Human Bones

Outrage erupted on Tumblr after a user posted on a Facebook group that they had collected some human remains, and that they could ship them to other Wiccans. The person in question, who goes by Ender Darling, was taken into custody in July after bio-archaeological analysis confirmed that the bones that were seized from their home are human. The arrest was for trafficking human remains, but the court date is coming up later in September. 
After the controversy, nicknamed “boneghazi,” it became illegal in Darling’s state of Lousiana to even own human remains. (Read the bill here.

Image is of a cow bone.

teddybruisevelt

I have a lot of thoughts about this so bear with me while I try to articulate (heheheh) all of them

1) Historical issues. First thing’s first, let’s talk about this cemetery. They’re right in saying that this is a unique cemetery, as this one is full of below-ground burials, and most of Louisiana have above-ground tombs. This means, that yes, this is a “poor man’s graveyard.” Now, I wonder, who are those poor men? In Louisiana, in 1879?? That’s right, this cemetery is full of black people, including Jessie Hill, Buddy Bolton, and, briefly, Robert Charles, to name a few.

Grave robbers have always been a concern to people who bury their loved ones, and, if you’re poor, all you can really do is hope.

So it makes me so angry that  this person is saying this is a “literal witch hunt” trying to make it seem like law enforcement is being prejudiced against witches, while at the same time taking advantage of the historical poverty of black people. None of these are “leftover remains,” this is an important, historical site that should be treated with respect and care. Even the professionals (archeologists/anthropologists) take huge care to not damage the remains or the cultural context in which they were found.

In fact, when a historical/ancient burial is found, ESPECIALLY if it is Native Indian, the goal is to get it reburied as fast as possible. (If you want to know more about this, I suggest reading up on the Kennewick Man)

2) Modern bone market.  I love bones as much as the next lady, but I refuse to own real human remains, even if they come from “reliable sources,” (meaning they aren’t looted). Why? What do you think drives someone to be willing to sell their loved one’s remains? Again, this comes back to the idea of major global poverty. I’m trying to find my info about it now, so if you’re super interested about it stay tuned and I’ll find some stuff I have about the modern bone market. 

3) Implications of new law for other people. Louisiana, as most know, has a huge population of voodoo practitioners, as well as traditional African beliefs brought over during the slave trade (Afro-diasporic Cultures). This is important because a lot of these religions practice ancestor worship. Do you know what’s important in ancestor worship? The remains. By disrespecting this cemetery and those it contains, this person has made it so much more difficult for an already marginalized group to practice their beliefs in peace. 

So, I’m super mad.

IF YOU SEE BONES:
1) Call the police. Use the non-emergency line (the person is already dead, they won’t get deadder by waiting), and let them know, like, “hey, I’m walking by the cemetery and there’s some bones. They probably got washed up by the rain, but maybe come out just to be sure,” (a surprising amount of criminals bury their victims in cemeteries). The police will be there, along with a state archeologist or anthropologist to take care of the remains. Congrats, you’ve either helped to solve a crime, or prevent one.

2) On that note, if you come across bits of pottery or arrowheads, it is actually illegal to take them and double-illegal to sell them. Leave them where they are, and call your state historical preservation office.

“But I really want bones!”

Animal bones are a great place to start! These are pretty dang easy to scavenge for! But, please, for the love of Gd, don’t use bleach on them. Please. You’ll ruin them that way.

Still want real human bones? Tough luck.

I will always highly recommend Bone Clones for human AND animal bone replicas. They do a fantastic job and I need to get me a trephinated skull soon.

But, back to the point: There was exactly no need for this. They were acting from a place of privilege and selfishness, and just made life a lot more difficult for a lot of people who are actually doing nothing wrong. the bones aren’t yours?? They’re meant to be in a grave?? Leave them there.

strangebiology

Good insight, but let me add a little more. 

1. If you want to know more about the sources of human remains, check out this Wired article Inside India’s Underground Trade in Human Remains. It is also a chapter in Scott Carney’s book, The Red Market (one of my new favorite books, seriously.)

2. But if you have more questions about modern trade in human remains, and how people are getting them, and why they want them, I recommend this National Geographic Article Human Skulls Are Being Sold Online, But is it Legal? (written by Yours Truly, so you know it’s good!)

3. I can’t say I’d recommend calling the cops every time you find bones….I guess try to determine through provenance if they’re human or not…was there recently a graveyard flood? Or are you on a game reserve? My friend found a spine in the forest and thought about calling the cops, but it was a deer.

4. One thing that I want to say about the new law. The Lousiana Bill was written long before Ender Darling. When I asked one of the authors of the bill, Ryan Seidemann, if Darling was an inspiration for it, he said no. When I asked if witchcraft was mentioned in the proceedings, or used as a justification for the bill, he said he couldn’t remember. The bill came out about the same time that Seidemann and Halling, who work in the state of Lousiana, published a study on the eBay trade in human remains. Did Darling’s case push the bill forward faster? I don’t know. But it was already in the works and I think it was inevitable.

strangebiology

This is all old news, but in case you’re curious what really happened with the “bone witch” or whatever.

Also I want to reiterate not to call the police every time you find a bone. Holy shit I would have called thousands of times by now. Call if you actually have a reason to think they’re more likely to be human than deer/cow/whatever lives near you.

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Since The Bone Discourse has returned to Twitter, allow me to recommend some reading so you can have informed opinions on owning human remains: 

 1) My Nat Geo article on selling human remains:

Human Skulls are Being Sold Online. But is it Legal?

2) The Body Trade by John Shiffman and Brian Grow (a 7-part series that should have got a Pulitzer!)

The Body Brokers: Cashing in on the Donated Dead

3) The past and present of India’s skeleton trade by Scott Carney. Also his whole book The Red Market is incredible.

Inside The Underground Trade in Human Remains

4) A very common question answered by Caitlin Doughty  (no you can’t keep your own skeleton either)

You Can’t Keep Your Parent’s Skulls

And if you want to read through several years of this stuff I’ve been covering, I have a human remains tag.

Bone discourse Human Remains Human Bones Skeletons Vulture Culture

According to this Hypoallergic article, The University of Pennsylvania has a collection of hundreds of skulls which belonged to a physician “who collected hundreds of skulls, including those of enslaved Africans, Native Americans, and Cubans to try to reinforce his white supremacist, pseudoscientific theory that the brains of some races are larger than others.” 

Now, thanks to campus activists, they are “removing” some of the skulls that belonged to Native Americans and people who were enslaved. “Remove” in this case mostly means “moving from display to storage but allowing researchers to study them.” The museum is also “beginning to look at efforts to repatriate,” or return, some of the skulls to the land from which they were taken, but doing so is difficult as the people who took them generally didn’t document much.

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I met someone last night who used to deliver flowers, often to funeral homes, and they said one funeral home offered him a human skeleton from a recent client for $700. 

He said no thanks, he wanted a cat skeleton. So a pet crematorium sold him a dead cat. The owner who sent their cat to be cremated? They got an urn, filled with some sort of dust.

Anyway I can’t confirm this story at this moment, but yeah some pet crematoriums and human donor services are scammers but you’ll never know because it’s “creepy” and “disrespectful” to want be involved or even see dead loved ones…

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gyiygas

I was going to make a joke about how people tell their hairdressers so many personal details that I wouldnt be surprised if someone confessed to murder while I was styling their hair but then I remembered that was an actual thing that happened when I was in cosmetology school

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SO when I was in cosmetology school i was in the breakroom and I was telling everyone back there about how my client had just told me about how her dead husband’s head was found at the airport along with 63 other human heads (that’s a story for another day) and everyone started swapping stories about weird things that their client had told them

and then this one girl pipes up and is like “Yeah my client told me about how she killed her husband once.” and we were like EXCUSE ME??? WHAT? and she was like “yeah apparently her husband was coming at her with a knife and she managed to get it away from him and stabbed him like three times” 

according to the teachers she had A. told that story to at least three other students in the time she had been coming there and B. It was ruled as self defense so it’s not like she was a criminal who was on the run 

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Okay but tell us the human heads story

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op can we PLEASE have the human heads story

gyiygas

OKAY so this one I actually have a lot more context for because it was a firsthand experience buckle the fuck in

So I get this client, she’s an older lady so it was a color retouch and a trim and I was like okay I do this all the time this is gonna be just a super routine and mundane day. So I’m chatting with her just like usual small talk stuff like asking how her day is going and stuff and at some point she says: “I’m actually going to be in the newspaper tomorrow so I needed to get this done so I look good when they take my picture.”

So I’m like “Oh that’s nice! I hope you have fun!” and she goes “It’s not going to be fun, it’s because of a court case. I’m seeking legal action against a funeral home because they stole my husband’s body.” She’s saying this is the most casual tone ever and let me tell you, when someone you don’t know drops information like that on you, it’s the weirdest situation ever

I have NO idea how I’m supposed to react properly to that so I’m just saying “Oh no that’s so terrible!” and she keeps on going 

“Yeah his head was found at an airport with 63 other human heads. they removed some of his body parts before they cremated him and sold them illegally. They were using his head at a dental convention in some other country.” 

That was the strangest thing a client had ever decided to share with me and i’ve been continuously googling that shit trying desperately to find what she was interviewed for but there’s nothing and I can’t figure out if it’s weirder that she may have lied to me about this crazy story or if it actually happened and she decided to tell a student hairdresser she never met the entire story without being prompted

strangebiology

Could have been this: Ghoulish Cargo of 60 Human Heads Found at Airport
(sometimes headline writers will round numbers up or down, however in the article it says it was more like 40-60). This article also states “She told the AP it is illegal to buy or sell body parts ?” I wonder if AP or ABC included the question mark because they intended to fact check that statement, because it’s wrong.  

I don’t know what happened with that case but, again, I highly recommend reading the Reuters series “The Body Brokers;” it explains how people “donate” their bodies for free and for-profit companies sell the parts with basically no oversight to anyone who wants them.  

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Checked out a copy of Skeleton Keys by Brian Switek, whose blog Laelaps I used to read in high school! Skeleton Keys is a brand new book about human bones. 

In Popular Science, Switek recently published an excerpt from the book headlined “The Human Bone Trade is Legal, and Booming on Instagram.” I’m not sure if the article is quite up to date but I noticed it covered a lot of things that I’ve reported on regarding the human bone trade. Sure enough, the article that I wrote (as an intern!) for National Geographic is referenced! You can read about buying human skulls on the internet here.

I also found that the books “Human Remains: Another Dimension: The Application of Imaging to the Study of Human Remains,” “K9 Teams: Beyond the Basics of Search and Rescue and Recovery,” and “Competing Values in Archaeological Heritage” have the article cited in their bibliographies as well! I don’t really keep track of the impact of every article I write, but I’m very glad that I had a part in opening up the conversation regarding the human bone trade. 

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